Published: April 2025
🔬 Essential Human Physiology Topics for Class 12 (NEB / CEE / MEC / NEET)
Mastering human physiology is crucial for excelling in NEB, CEE, MEC, and NEET exams. Here's a structured breakdown of the key topics you should focus on:
1. Digestive System
- Digestive glands & enzymes
- Digestion & absorption process
- Disorders: Jaundice, constipation, indigestion
2. Respiratory System
- Breathing mechanism
- Gas exchange & transport (Oâ‚‚ & COâ‚‚)
- Regulation of respiration
- Respiratory volumes & capacities
3. Circulatory System
- Heart & blood vessel structure
- Cardiac cycle & ECG
- Blood pressure regulation
- Blood components & blood groups
- Lymphatic system
4. Excretory System
- Nephron & kidney structure
- Urine formation (filtration, reabsorption, secretion)
- Regulation by ADH & RAAS
- Disorders: Kidney failure, dialysis
5. Muscle & Movement
- Types of muscles (skeletal, smooth, cardiac)
- Sliding filament theory
- Muscle fatigue & disorders
6. Nervous System
- Neuron structure & impulse conduction
- Synapse & neurotransmitters
- Central & peripheral nervous system
- Reflex arc & action potential
- Brain & spinal cord functions
7. Endocrine System
- Major glands & their hormones
- Feedback mechanisms
- Disorders: Diabetes, goiter, dwarfism
8. Sensory Organs (Optional in Some Syllabi)
- Eye: Structure & vision mechanism
- Ear: Structure & hearing process
🌟 High-Yield Focus for CEE/MEC/NEET
- Mechanism-based questions (e.g., ADH & water balance)
- Diagrams: Heart, Nephron, Neuron, Brain
- Hormone functions & gland locations
- Assertion-Reasoning & Match-the-Column questions
Pro Tip: Practice labeled diagrams and flowcharts for better retention!